Now that you’ve got your guitar, the next thing on the agenda is to tune it. To illustrate why this is important, strum down on the strings with your thumb and note the horrible noise that’s produced. Pretty awful, huh? Next, check your strumming hand to see if you’re holding anything that might have contributed to the ruckus, such as a Red Bull can or a salami sandwich. If so, drop said item and try again. Ugh! Still pretty awful! So, that’s why you need to tune your guitar.
Unfortunately, tuning can be an annoying little chore, so before we get into any details, the first thing you should do is look around and see if there are any experienced guitarists nearby who might be able to do it for you, such as Ricky Skaggs. If so, then you’re in luck! Now you just have to convince them to do it! If you happen to be a girl, it can sometimes help to bat your eyes and/or a do a cute little hair-flip to grease the skids. Guys, conversely, are going to have a tougher time in general with this, although don’t let that stop you from trying, especially the hair-flip part. You never know!
If it turns out that you’re unlucky enough to have to do it yourself, you’re going to need a tuner to assist you, which will be either a physical device that you clip to your guitar or an app downloaded onto your phone. (Side note: Some people can tune their guitars by ear, but they’re all freaks of nature who’d never read this essay anyway, so we’re just going to pretend that’s not a real thing.)
The short overview of how your tuner works is that it’s calibrated to detect the notes your guitar strings play and then tell you just how off-pitch each is from what it’s supposed to be. If your string is playing too high, you have to loosen it, and if it’s too low, you have to tighten it. Simple, right?
Ha ha! Just kidding! Of course it’s not simple!
The first confusing thing is that the notes you’re supposed to tune the strings to—which are denoted by letter names—are all random and make no sense. Starting with the thickest string and working down, they need to be: EADGBE. I mean, what? Why is E in there twice? What makes it better than C, which has been totally ignored? Or F? Have those notes offended the others and are now in exile or something? How rude! Then, to make matters worse, the first and second E don’t even sound the same! What’s up with that? Why can two notes have the same name but also sound different?
The short answer to this nonsense is that a guitar can play a lot more notes than the six you tune the strings to, and the Founding Guitar Fathers could only afford the first seven letters of the alphabet (A-G) when they were purchasing the rights to use them. It wasn't long, then, before they'd used up all seven, and so they had no choice but to loop back around and start over again at the beginning. It’s really a shame, too, because it’d be way easier if they kept everything separate, resulting in such notes as J and Z and LMNOP. Also, sometimes you’ll see notes with weird little symbols after them, like the pound sign. (Example: C#) Ignore them for now, as their only function is to confuse you and make you want to quit. (The Founding Guitar Fathers were an exclusive club, and they wanted to keep the number of their members low.)
Unfortunately, your tuner can only tell you the letter name of the note you’re playing, and not if it’s the correct variation you’re trying to tune to. So, you might be tuned to Fat String E when you really should be tuned to Skinny String E! AARRRGHH! It’s at this point where you might need to turn to the internet for help, namely one of the millions of tuning videos you can find on the video sharing site of your choice. Pick one at random, because they’re all the same, and after watching eight minutes of commercials, jump to the end, where the smug person in the video will proudly play each tuned string nice and slowly. If you need to, you can now use this as a reference for when you begin trying to tune your own instrument.
(Note: I did say that all tuning videos are the same, and for the most part that’s true. However, the one exception I know of is a guy who teaches you to tune a mandolin, in which case he keeps talking about his G-String in the most serious manner, over and over again: “Okay, take hold of your G-String!” It’s one of the most unintentionally hilarious things ever, and sometimes when I’ve had a bad day, I’ll just watch that video several times to help lift my spirits.)
Okay, so now you know what tuning your strings means, but you still need to know how to do it. We’ll start with the big, thick E string. (Not your G-String.) Squinting intently, follow it up the neck of the guitar to where it ends. If it disappears just past the big, scary hole, you’ve gone in the wrong direction and need to do a three-point turn and head back the opposite way. Eventually, you’ll see that its terminus is a metal post that the string is wrapped around, holding it in place. Also note that at the end of the post is a handy little knob you can twist. This knob is the key to everything. If you twist it one way, the string tightens, and if you twist it the other, it will loosen. However, keep in mind that the end of the string, not to mention possibly the ends of its neighbors, might be poking out of the wrapping like a thorn bush, ready to puncture your flesh at the slightest misstep. This is why I recommend you have plenty of bandages and antiseptic on hand any time you attempt the tuning process.
Now, here’s where things get extra-tricky. If you start looking at other tutorials, they’ll all say that there’s a method to determine what direction you need to twist to either tighten or loosen a string, one that depends on such complicated factors as what side of the guitar you’re currently working on, whether you’re north or south of the Equator, and whether or not you’re in Daylight Savings Time. However, that’s all nonsense. What I’ve discovered over the years is that the direction you need to turn the knob is completely random and can change daily, sometimes even hourly. When a knob does this, it’s called “reversing polarity,” and why it happens is a great mystery that’s best not dwelt upon. So, what you’re going to need to do is twist the knob in a random direction, clockwise or counterclockwise, and see what happens. You’ll either feel the string tighten, loosen, or it will break with a frighteningly loud snapping sound that will cause you to have a minor heart attack and/or poke one of your eyes out.
In the case of the string breaking, you’ll have to refer to another essay I intend to write, “Restringing Your Guitar in 36 Hours or Less.” However, if the string makes it through intact, you’ll now know what direction to turn the knob to tighten or loosen it, which then leaves you with the task of combining your tuner with the online video and the knob to sync it all up. However, you have to be fast about it, because there’s always the potential for the knob to reverse polarity halfway through the process, which has happened to me on more than one occasion.
When you’ve finally finished tuning all six strings, you’re going to need a break. You’ll most likely be bleeding from several puncture wounds, your nerves will be shot from the fear of strings breaking, and it will be several hours later. However, before you flop down on the couch, run your thumb down the strings and note that it now makes a completely unremarkable, yet totally inoffensive sound. Hooray! Your guitar is tuned and sounds completely tolerable! (At least until it falls back out of tune sometime in the next few days.)
All right, that’s all for today! Join me next time when we discuss attempting to play a few basic chords! (Note that I said “attempting,” as I don’t want to get your hopes up.)
Until next time,
Keep Strummin’!